Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： From the perspective of patent industry innovation chain, this paper analyzed the regional differences of the patent technology innovation efficiency and industrial technology innovation efficiency in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, as well as the spatial patterns and industrial characteristics of cities with various types of technological innovation efficiency. It is found that there are significant differences in patent and industrial technology innovation efficiency among the three urban agglomerations. The patent technology innovation efficiency in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration is relatively high, while that in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations is relatively low. Cities with high industrial technological innovation efficiency show a continuous distribution around Beijing and Tianjin in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, a central periphery structure in the Yangtze River Delta, and a centripetal distribution in the Pearl River Delta. More than 50% of the listed high-tech enterprises in cities with high industrial technological innovation efficiency are strategic emerging industry enterprises. Most of the cities with low industrial technological innovation efficiency are located far away from the provincial capital cities and municipalities directly under the central government, and the number of listed high-tech enterprises in most cities is small. In view of the present situation of technological innovation efficiency of the three major urban agglomerations, this paper puts forward different innovation development strategies.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-06-13 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽是危害棉花害虫的两个优势种，为探明短时高温暴露对绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽存活和生殖的影响，将在27℃饲养的绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽的卵和初孵若虫每天暴露在不同高温（30、33、36、40℃）4 h，以27℃恒温饲养的为对照，比较两种盲蝽卵的孵化率、若虫存活率、成虫产卵量的变化以及两者的差异。研究结果显示：在27-40℃范围内，随着温度的升高，绿盲蝽卵的孵化率先从27℃处理的84.25%上升至30℃处理的94.69%，而后开始下降，36℃处理的孵化率下降为76.84%，到40℃处理时降至44.30%；中黑盲蝽卵的孵化率则由27℃处理的79.27%上升至30℃处理的87.90%，后逐渐下降至40℃处理的60.24%。在极端高温40℃的处理中，中黑盲蝽卵的孵化率显著高于绿盲蝽卵的孵化率，表明中黑盲蝽卵较绿盲蝽卵更耐极端高温。在30-40℃范围内，随着温度的升高，两种盲蝽若虫存活率降低，40℃处理后，绿盲蝽若虫存活率为零，中黑盲蝽若虫存活率为16.74%。同时，高温对绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽的产卵量也存在显著影响。27℃处理下，绿盲蝽平均每头雌虫产卵量为64.78 粒；30℃处理后，产卵量上升为70.03粒，后随处理温度升高产卵量开始下降，40℃时不能产卵；中黑盲蝽产卵量在27-36℃之间没有显着差异，平均每头雌虫产卵量为63-75粒，显著高于40℃处理的20.75粒。此外，短时高温暴露延长了绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽的若虫历期，降低了绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽雌雄成虫寿命。结果表明，短时高温对绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽卵的孵化率、若虫存活率、生殖及成虫寿命等均有不利影响，温度越高，影响越大。绿盲蝽和中黑盲蝽在极端高温40℃处理下，中黑盲蝽耐热性明显高于绿盲蝽。两种盲蝽在极端高温条件下的耐热性不同，可能是导致它们在棉田内种群季节动态差异的一个重要因素。
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