Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-07-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： SPINDLY (SPY) is a novel nucleocytoplasmic protein O-fucosyltransferase that regulates target protein activity or stability via O-fucosylation. Previous studies have indicated that the SPY protein regulates plant growth and development by modulating various intracellular processes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Its mediated O-fucosylation plays an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis and regulating plant growth and development, however protein O-fucosylation regulated by SPY in other plants largely remain unknown. Maize (Zea mays ) is one of the most important cereals crops for supplying foods, fibers, and fuels to humans. In order to explore the function of maize fucosyltransferase gene (ZmSPY), this study first analyzed the conserved domain, amino acid sequence and physicochemical properties of ZmSPY protein by bioinformatics means, and cloned the gene from maize root tissue to construct the GFP fusion protein expression vector. The subcellular localization of ZmSPY was analyzed, and its response to different hormone treatments (GA, IAA, 6BA, ABA) was determined by exogenous hormone application. And the results were as follows: (1) ZmSPY proteins belong to the TPR and SPY superfamilies, and structural analysis demonstrated that ZmSPY had TPR (Tetratricopeptide repeat) and catalytic domains. (2) Phylogenetic analysis shows that SPYs are highly conserved, and ZmSPY exhibits strong homology to SPY in Sorghum bicolor. (3) Sequence analysis shows that the CDS region of ZmSPY is 2736 bp. Physicochemical analysis indicates that ZmSPY, which contains 911 amino acids and 33 glycosylation sites, is hydrophilic and non-secretory. Its secondary and tertiary structure is largely composed of alpha helix and random coil. (4) The subcellular localization of ZmSPY is predominantly observed in the nucleus. (5) The expression of ZmSPY is induced by phytohormones including GA, IAA, 6BA and ABA, and exhibits various expression patterns. This study provides foundational information on SPY in maize, which could contribute to further investigation of SPY and its effect on O-fucosylation in cereal plants.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-27
Abstract： Depression-induced suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents, and prolonged mobile phone usage has emerged as a significant public health concern with this demographic. However, the relationship between the duration of mobile phone usage and the manifestation of depressive symptoms in adolescents remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the characteristics, evolution patterns, and gender differences in depressive symptoms among adolescents based on varying durations of mobile phone usage, as well as to provide new strategies for the prevention and control of depression among them. A large-scale survey was conducted on 167,728 adolescents in Nanchong City using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Mobile phone usage was categorized as follows: Non-use on rest days (T1), usage on rest days for ≤3 hours per day (T2), and usage on rest days for >3 hours per day (T3). The collected data were analyzed using R software (version 4.3.2) and its network analysis packages. The study compared the differences in the depressive symptom networks among adolescents with varying duration of mobile phone usage on rest days, as well as the differences between genders for the same mobile phone usage duration. Network analysis revealed that the longer the duration of mobile phone usage among adolescents, the more severe the symptoms of depression. Among the symptoms of depression in adolescents, ’sadness’, ’sense of failure’, ’lack of pleasure’, and ’lack of happiness’ have a higher degree of strength centrality. We performed a comparative analysis of the depression symptom network under different mobile phone usage durations on rest days. There were no significant differences in global strength and network edges between the T2 and T1 networks, but a significant difference in network structure, with the strength centrality of one symptom being significantly different. The T3 vs. T1 network showed significant differences in global strength, network structure, and network edges, with 32 edges showing significant differences and the strength centrality of 8 symptoms being significantly different. The T3 vs. T2 network also showed significant differences in global strength, network structure, and network edges, with 19 edges showing significant differences and the strength centrality of 10 symptoms being significantly different. Additionally, we also revealed the comparative analysis of the depression symptom network among different genders with the same mobile phone usage duration on rest days. Under the T1 condition, there were no significant differences in network structure and network edges between the female and male groups, but a significant difference in global strength, with the strength centrality of one symptom being significantly different. Under the T2 and T3 conditions, there were significant differences in global strength, network structure, and network edges between female and male groups. Under the T2 condition, there were significant differences in 25 edges and the strength centrality of 8 symptoms. Under the T3 condition, there were significant differences in 15 edges and the strength centrality of 5 symptoms. The current study indicated that the characteristics and evolution patterns of depressive symptoms in adolescents varied according to the duration of mobile phone usage, and notable gender differences. This study, based on the evolution patterns of various depressive symptoms, innovatively proposes four evolution patterns of depressive symptoms. This findings provide new strategies for the prevention and control of adolescent depression.
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Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Basic Disciplines of Agriculture submitted time 2017-11-07 Cooperative journals: 《中国生态农业学报》
Abstract：水分不足是限制半干旱雨养作物生长的主要因素, 地表覆盖能够改善土壤的微环境, 从而显著提高作物的产量和水分利用效率。为明确西北半干旱雨养区不同保墒措施下旱地马铃薯的土壤水分特征及其对产量的影响, 于2014—2015 年设置了玉米秸秆带状覆盖种植(T1)、半膜大垄(T2)、全膜双垄(T3)和露地平作(对照, CK)4 种栽培模式, 研究了玉米秸秆带状覆盖、地膜覆盖种植对马铃薯产量、土壤水分变化及其利用效率的影响。结果表明: 不同覆盖方式能有效改善马铃薯生育期0~200 cm 土层土壤水分状况, 地膜覆盖对马铃薯生育前期土壤水分保蓄效果较好, 秸秆带状覆盖对生育中后期土壤水分状况的改善效果明显。与对照(CK)相比, 3 种覆盖处理均提高了土壤含水量, 其中T1 处理效果最好, 较CK 提高2.8%~7.8%, 尤其在伏旱阶段的块茎形成期, 0~200 cm土层土壤含水量高于地膜覆盖处理。与CK 相比, T1 处理马铃薯产量提高10.5%~34.2%, 水分利用效率(WUE)提高8.9%~29.8%, 达108.9~134.0 kg·hm–2 ·mm–1, 商品薯率提高14.7%~38.8%, 达82.3%~92.2%。马铃薯产量与生育期耗水量(r=0.836**)呈显著正相关。T1 的产量和商品薯率均显著高于T2 和T3(P<0.05)。可见, 玉米秸秆带状覆盖具有显著的纳雨保墒作用, 促进马铃薯的生长发育, 增产效果显著。其推广应用可有效提高该区降水资源的利用效率, 实现马铃薯稳产高产, 可作为西北雨养农业区旱地马铃薯生产的高效栽培新模式。
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