Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-09-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Previous studies have confirmed a correlation between physical frailty and impairment of activities of daily living（ADL） in the elderly，but it is still unclear whether there is a correlation of psychological and social frailty in the elderly with their ADL impairment. Objective To investigate the multi-dimensional frailty of the elderly in rural areas of Guizhou province and the correlation of dimensions with ADL impairment，so as to provide evidence for preventing disability rural older adults. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted，older adults aged ≥ 60 years from 30 administrative villages in 2 cities of Guizhou Province were selected for the study from July to September 2021（n=1 298） by using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The demographic characteristics，prevalence of chronic diseases and sleep quality of the subjects were collected by questionnaire，and the multi-dimensional frailty of the elderly was assessed by Chinese version of Tilburg debilitating scale，ADL scale was used to assess the impairment of ADL in the elderly，multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of multi-dimensional frailty and its dimensions on the impairment of ADL in the elderly，and the multifactor-adjusted population attributable risk percentage（PARc%） was calculated. Results Of the 1 298 older adults，498（38.37%） were with ADL impairment，40（3.08%） were with BADL impairment，494（38.06%） were with IADL impairment；382（29.43%） were with multi-dimensional frailty，319（24.58%） were with physical frailty，567 （43.68%） were with psychological frailty，and 69（5.32%） were with social frailty. After adjusting for confounding factors of age，gender，education level，marital status，and sleep quality，the results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that multi-dimensional frailty，physical frailty，and psychological frailty in older adults had effects on and ADL，BADL and IADL impairments（P<0.05）. Further analysis of the population attribution risk of multi-dimensional frailty，physical frailty， and psychological frailty for ADL showed that multi-dimensional frailty had the greatest population attributable risk for BALD impairment〔PARc%（95%CI）=24.6（19.1，27.1）〕，psychological frailty had a relatively high population attributable risk for ADL impairment〔PARc%（95%CI）=18.4（12.1，24.5）〕，BADL impairment〔PARc%（95%CI）=23.6（3.2，33.7）〕，and IADL impairment〔PARc%（95%CI）=19.4（12.4，24.7）〕. Conclusion The multi-dimensional frailty，physical frailty and psychological frailty of the rural elderly in Guizhou province are related to the impairment of ADL，BADL and IADL，with greater attribution of psychological frailty for disability. Enhancing screening and interventions for multi-dimensional frailty in older adults，particularly psychological frailty，may reduce the risk of disability in older adults.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2023-02-17 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： The detecting and grading of the internal quality of apples is an effective means to increase the added value of apples, protect the health of residents, meet consumer demand and improve market competitiveness. Therefore, an apple internal quality detecting module and a grading module were developed in this research to constitute a movable apple internal quality orchard origin grading system, which could realize the detection of apple sugar content and apple moldy core in orchard origin and grading according to the set grading standard. Based on this system, a multiplicative effect elimination (MEE) based spectral correction method was proposed to eliminate the multiplicative effect caused by the differences in physical properties of apples and improve the internal quality detection accuracy. The method assumed that the multiplication coefficient in the spectrum was closely related to the spectral data at a certain wavelength, and divided the original spectrum by the data at this wavelength point to achieve the elimination of the multiplicative scattering effect of the spectrum. It also combined the idea of least-squares loss function to set the loss function to solve for the optimal multiplication coefficient point. To verify the validity of the method, after pre-processing the apple spectra with multiple scattering correction (MSC), standard normal variate transform (SNV), and MEE algorithms, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) prediction models for apple sugar content and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models for apple moldy core were developed, respectively. The results showed that the MEE algorithm had the best results compared to the MSC and SNV algorithms. The correlation coefficient of correction set (Rc), root mean square error of correction set (RMSEC), the correlation coefficient of prediction set (Rp), and root mean square error of prediction set (RMSEP) for sugar content were 0.959, 0.430%, 0.929, and 0.592%, respectively; the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of correction set and prediction set for moldy core were 98.33%, 96.67%, 97.50%, 100.00%, 90.00%, and 95.00%, respectively. The best prediction model established was imported into the system for grading tests, and the results showed that the grading correct rate of the system was 90.00% and the grading speed was 3 pcs/s. In summary, the proposed spectral correction method is more suitable for apple transmission spectral correction. The mobile orchard local grading system of apple internal quality combined with the proposed spectral correction method can accurately detect apple sugar content and apple moldy core. The system meets the demand for internal quality detecting and grading of apples in orchard production areas.
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