Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Realizing effective cross-regional innovation cooperation not only helps to enhance the overall scientific and technological innovation capabilities of the Yellow River Basin, but also is crucial for promoting the western development strategy and achieving industrial upgrading and leapfrogging in the western region. The innovation collaborative network composed of various enterprises, universities, and research institutes across different regions in the Yellow River Basin helps to break down information silos and help provinces and cities fully achieve information sharing in open scientific and technological innovation cooperation platforms. The crossregional innovation collaborative network that have been constructed in the Yellow River Basin consists of cooperation relationships between provinces within the Yellow River Basin, as well as cooperation relationships between provinces within and outside the basin. This study investigated the current situation of technological innovation cooperation in the Yellow River Basin reflected by the network, and the results showed that the network composed of the former showed an uneven distribution pattern of“ dense in the east and sparse in the west” in space, but the density of innovation collaborative network has increased in recent years. The network composed of the latter initially had uneven spatial distribution, but recently the breadth and depth of cooperation have significantly increased. There are still many obstacles to scientific and technological innovation cooperation in the Yellow River Basin. Firstly, a large-scale and comprehensive innovation collaborative network is defective, mainly manifested in insufficient innovation cooperation among provinces within the Yellow River Basin. Moreover, the lack of a comprehensive and multi-level cross-regional institutional collaborative operation mechanism makes it difficult to fully leverage the role of cross regional innovation collaborative networks. In view of this, this study proposes to improve the innovation collaborative cooperation system from the central to the local level, from top to bottom, and follow the optimization idea of“ enhancing the top level design capabilities—improving the collaborative network— enhancing cooperation awareness—coordinating regional regulations—forming cross regional alliances—creating a collaborative innovation ecosystem—exploring innovation cooperation opportunities” to build the scientific and technological innovation corridor in the Yellow River Basin innovation corridor.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The Yellow River runs through nine provinces (regions) in western, central, and eastern China. It is not only an important ecological security barrier in China, but also an important region for social activity and economic development. Strategically planning the development of the Yellow River Basin at the national level can not only accelerate the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, but also effectively promote the western development strategy and regional coordinated development strategy. Nevertheless, the poor carrying capacity of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin, the obvious feature of industrial development relying heavily on energy, and the insufficient ability to ensure people’s livelihood have constrained the innovation driven transformation and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Therefore, the Yellow River Basin must vigorously enhance its ability to support scientific and technological innovation, strengthen macro-integration, synergize and deepen the reform, accelerate the deployment of the integrated development strategy of science，technology and innovation in the Yellow River Basin, systematically plan the construction of the Yellow River Basin Science, Technology and Innovation Corridor, and promote the coordinated development of ecological protection and economic and social development led by scientific and technological innovation. This study analyzes the development characteristics and spatial distribution of the Yellow River Basin, and systematically analyzes the scientific and technological innovation needs and constraints of the Yellow River Basin from three perspectives: ecological protection, industrial development, and social development. It proposes the overall idea of achieving innovative development in the Yellow River Basin, and proposes countermeasures and suggestions from five approaches: strengthening scientific and technological innovation cooperation in the ecological field, enhancing the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of key regions, coordinating the reform of the entire basin’s scientific and technological system, accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces led by science and technology, and digital transformation to promote the improvement and efficiency of social services.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： Effect of biofilms on corrosion behavior of 5083 Al-alloy (5083AA) in natural seawater was investigated by means of epifluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy as well as measurements of open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and pothentiodynamic polarization curves. Results showed that biofilms could form on the surface of 5083AA in natural seawater and acted as a protective layer for the substrate; moreover, in comparison with those in sterile seawater, the open circuit potential of the alloy was lower and the electron charge resistance (Rct) of the alloy was higher in natural seawater, which may be related with the reduction of cathodic reaction and microbiological corrosion inhibition on the alloy surface respectively. The microbiological corrosion inhibition may be due to the oxygen consumption by bacteria respiration and the existence of protective biofilms. On the other hand, the corrosion of 5083AA alloy could be inhibited in sterile medium to a certain extant, and this may be due to the formation of corrosion products on the alloy surface.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： none
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-06-24 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：材料腐蚀是生产生活中的常见现象，严重的腐蚀不仅会造成材料失效，还可能诱发猝不及防的灾难性事故。了解与认识腐蚀问题，是保障人民群众生命财产安全的必然要求。为此，中国工程院针对我国腐蚀成本进行了调查研究。数据表明，2014年，我国腐蚀成本为21 278.2亿元人民币，约占当年国内生产总值的3.34%。腐蚀问题可防可控，通过实施防腐蚀顶层设计、加强腐蚀与防护研究、开发新型防腐蚀技术、推行防腐蚀经验标准、提高全民防腐蚀意识等方式，我国腐蚀防护水平将得以全面提升。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2016-12-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：海洋环境是最为恶劣的自然腐蚀环境；海洋腐蚀问题是海洋工程安全服役面临的主要威胁，也给国民经济带来巨大的损失。未来人类对海洋开发的深度和广度将不断拓展，也将面临不断出现新的腐蚀问题的挑战。文章结合目前海洋开发研究的现状及未来发展趋势，介绍了海洋腐蚀环境特点，分析了我国海洋腐蚀防护现状及需求，并对海洋腐蚀防护研究以及相关政策规章的制定提出了建议。
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