沉降物铯-137 β计数法的分析方法研究

Краткое изложение: This study established a beta counting method suitable for the quantitative analysis of Cesium-137 in environmental fallout samples. The methodology development involved systematic experiments, including digestion system selection, ammonium phosphomolybdate adsorption system optimization, evaluation of nitric acid-ammonium chloride washing solution alternatives, and interference elimination. Instrument calibration and sample precipitate source preparation followed the procedures outlined in HJ 816-2016. Sample radioactivity was measured using a low-background α/β counter. Validation of the developed method was conducted through comparative analysis of fallout samples against the standard gamma spectrometry method GB/T 16145-2022, yielding results with no statistically significant difference. Method performance verification demonstrated that both precision and trueness meet the requirements stipulated in the Technical Specifications for Radiation Environmental Monitoring (HJ 61-2021). Currently, China lacks a standardized method for Cesium-137 determination in fallout samples using beta counting. This work provides valuable technical reference for establishing a standardized beta counting methodology for Cesium-137 analysis in fallout within China.